What
is Indoor Air Pollution? |
Concerns
about indoor air quality (IAQ) have increased since the 1970's
when people started doing a better job of sealing their homes
and offices to conserve electricity.
Sealing buildings better only reduces the amount
of fresh outside
air from coming into buildings and contributes to the buildup
of indoor air contaminants.
Complaints about IAQ range from simple complaints, such as the
air smelling odd, to more complex complaints where poor air quality
results in illness and absence in school. Identifying a single
reason for these complaints is difficult due to the number and
variety of possible sources, causes, and individual sensitivities.
Indoor air pollutants fall into three main categories:
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Particulates
- Term used for the mixture of solid particles and liquid
droplets found in the air. Over 99% of particulate matter
is invisible to the naked eye and can easily infiltrate
the lungs. On average, every cubic foot of untreated indoor
air contains 20 million particles. |
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Microbes
- Includes three major types of organisms: bacteria, protozoa,
and fungi/mold. Most of these contaminants rely on a humid
and moist environment for growth & survival. Some
molds can produce certain chemicals, such as mycotoxins
and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC's). |
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Gases
& Odors - Indoor gases, such as benzene,
formaldehyde, and hydrogen sulfide, are released from
furniture, carpets, hair sprays, cleaning chemicals, insulation,
and pesticides. Gases include VOC's which evaporate into
the air easily. Odors are often made up of VOC's or other
gases.
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This chart shows a partial list of the most
common air pollutants and their sources.
Knowing the sources of certain pollutants help you later in deciding
the best areas to conduct your IAQ testing. Knowing the sources
of contaminants also helps you to determine the best method to eliminate
them.
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Category |
Pollutants |
Sources |
|
Particulate |
Dust |
Humans, drapes, outdoor air |
|
Particulate |
Pollen |
Clothing, outdoor air, pets |
|
Particulate |
Tobacco Smoke, Hydrocarbons |
Smokers |
|
Particulate |
Dander |
Humans, pets |
|
Microbial |
Mold Spores |
HVAC ducts, carpets, outdoor air |
|
Microbial |
Bacteria |
Waste containers, toilets, humans, A/C coils & ducts |
|
Microbial |
Fungi |
Pets, foods, outdoor air, waste containers |
|
Gas |
Methyl mercaptan |
Plastic, natural gas and propane additive |
|
Gas |
Carbon disulfide |
Solvents |
|
Gas |
Butyl acetate |
Lacquer, industrial chemicals |
|
Gas |
Methyl mthacrylate |
Solvents |
|
Gas |
MEK |
Solvents |
|
Gas |
d-Limonene |
Solvents |
|
Gas |
Toluene |
Solvents |
|
Gas |
Hydrogen sulfide |
Toilet vents, water |
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Why Worry About Indoor Air Quality?
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The
average American spends up to 90% of their time indoors. Think about
it. When you wake up in the morning in your bed you are inside your
house. Then you leave your house to get in your car. You step out
of the car and enter your place of work. After several hours, you
leave work
to go back home, go shopping, go to a restaurant or other indoor
places. The majority of your day is spent indoors, making you one
of the many average Americans. Those more susceptible to the
effects of poor IAQ spend even more time indoors. These people include
infants, the elderly and critically ill.
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Perhaps
the biggest cause of poor IAQ today is energy conservation.
We seal our homes and buildings as tight as possible to keep our
heating and cooling costs down. This causes
lack of ventilation or fresh air from entering the building. Instead
of fresh air being introduced, the same contaminated air keeps
circulating through the already contaminated structure. With each
cycle the air becomes more contaminated. When you take a shower
or boil water you fill the air with more moisture. In return you
create the perfect breeding ground for mold, bacteria, fungus
and other microorganisms. The moisture builds up inside your central
heating ventilation and
cooling (HVAC) unit where more mold and bacteria continue to grow.
As the air passes through your ducts the mold and bacteria sticks
to the ducts. It begins to grow in this low light, moist environment.
Over time the growth becomes worse. With every cycle your HVAC
unit runs it pollutes your home or building even more by spreading
the contaminants throughout
the entire structure. |
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Mold and bacteria aren't your only concerns.
Pretend you have a sister or daughter who has come down with a
cold. During the first day of her cold she is still able to attend
school and participate in activities at home. The first symptoms
she has is a runny nose and a cough. At school that day she is
constantly sneezing and coughing. When she goes home you play
games, help her with homework and eat dinner together. The whole
time she is still coughing and sneezing. The virus becomes aerosolized
for you to inhale. The virus lands on your
food at the dinner table. As she wipes her nose with a tissue
the virus gets on her hands and then you share a pencil during
homework. She transfers the virus from her to you in many ways.
Before you know it you have the same cold and several other students
at school have also been infected.
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There
are several other pollutants that won't cause a cold or an infection,
but can cause
serious allergic reactions. When
a door opens or your dog comes inside pollen also comes inside.
There are many sources for dust and dander. The main source is you.
You shed billions of dead skin cells everyday. Your carpet, furniture,
household cleaners, the paint on your walls, your toys, your bedding,
cosmetics, perfumes, and virtually everything in your home and most
buildings today releases some type of VOC or gas into your air.
Another common pollutant present in many homes today is cigarette
smoke. A single cigarette alone releases over 4,000 chemicals in
your air. Many places of business no longer allow smoking in the
building or on their property, but many adults still smoke in their
homes. This places their children and other people in their home
at risk.
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If
these contaminants do exist, what makes them so
harmful to our health?
Removing certain sources of contaminants does not
always fix the problem. As you have alreadylearned, there are various
sources for the many different contaminants. Many illnesses can
becontributed to the many contaminants in your air. Mold spores
can cause allergic reactions, serious health risks, and in some
cases death. The bacteria circulating in your home can causerespiratory
infections, infections in open wounds, and more. While most people
quickly overcome the common cold in a matter of a few days, the
same cold can be fatal to infants, elderly and critically ill. Colds
also cause absence from school or work and time away from family
and friends.
As the items off-gas and send chemicals and VOCs into the air you
inhale these chemicals. Many of the chemicals can cause allergic
reactions or pose other serious health risks, such as cancer.When
a cigarette burns it releases over 4,000 chemicals into the air
which places your health "up in the air". The chemicals
in cigarettes can cause many different diseases of the lungs or
even cancer. They also weaken your immune system and cause damage
to many other vital organs in your body. |
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How
Do We Remove These Contaminants From The Air We Breathe?
Some items pose greater threats to your indoor air
than others. One of the best ways to remove the contaminants is
to eliminate the sources. Since virtually everything in homes and
buildings is synthetically made out of chemicals or attract other
pollutants what should you do? Completely strip your building or
home of every item in it? No. Even if you did, the materials used
to create buildings and homes also contain contaminants. Instead
a good first step is to remove some of the larger sources of contaminants.

If a smoker resides in your home ask them to smoke outdoors. This
greatly reduces your exposure to the 4,000 plus chemicals released
from cigarettes. Not to mention how much better this will make your
clothes, personal items and home smell.
Carpet is one of the biggest and most common sources of air pollutants.
Carpet covers over 70% of the floors in America. Most new carpet
contains over 31 chemicals including: volatile organic compounds,
styrene, 4-PC, and formaldehyde. Some of these chemicals are considered
carcinogens. They can cause severe, even deadly neurotoxin reactions.
Some carpets are glued directly to the floor using strong adhesives
containing harmful chemicals. The chemicals in carpet are not the
only pollutants.
Overtime we spill liquids, foods, and other everyday items on the
carpet. We track in pollens, molds etc. from outdoors and they become
imbedded in the carpet. We cough and sneeze on the carpet. We along
with our pets leave dead skin behind and much more. All which equates
to one giant sized area with almost every contaminant known to man
trapped within. This is now another perfect breeding ground for
mold and bacteria. Even if you clean your carpets often you only
clean the surface. All the contaminants lurk deep within and resurface
quickly. In fact, the act of cleaning your carpet increases the
moisture under your carpet, resulting in a dark, warm, moist environment
to grow more mold and bacteria. You thought your bathroom was gross.
Think about it tonight as you lay and play on your soft comfortable
carpet.
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Another
large pollution source often overlooked is the ducts and coils
of your HVAC system.
We have covered how mold, bacteria and other contaminants
build up in your ducts. The chemicals emitted by your carpet and
other items circulate through homes and buildings via air conditioners
as well. Of course none of us want to live or work without cool
air in the summer and warm air in the winter. Therefore, removing
your HVAC system and all ducts is not an option. Generally, cleaning
your coils and ducts at least once a year is recommended. This
greatly reduces the amount of dust, mold, bacteria, etc., circulating
through a home or building. Many companies specialize in this
cleaning process.
There are other things you can do to help reduce pollutants.
Anytime you cook, do laundry, or take a shower or bath you should
turn on the exhaust
vents in your kitchen, bathrooms, and laundry room to help remove
moisture from the air. This helps to control the growth and spreading
of mold and bacteria. Turning on the exhaust vents
when you use high VOC products, such as hair spray, helps to eliminate
pollutants. Not using an over abundance of cleaning products,
cosmetics, perfumes, air freshener sprays, etc., reduces the amount
of chemical pollutants present in your air.
It's also a good idea to open your windows as often as possible
to allow old stale air to escape and introduce new fresh air into
your home or other buildings. What should a person do about all
other pollutants left behind after removing the above sources?
With humans and pets being two of the biggest sources in homes
and buildings there must be other options. We can't exactly make
ourselves disappear to have clean air.
A great solution to reduce all other pollutants
left behind is an Air Oasis
air purifier. Air Oasis uses an exclusive PCO filterless air
purifier technology. The Air Oasis unit is easy to use. You simply
place the air purifier where you want it and press the switch
to the on position. |
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Most people are not aware of the serious problems lurking in their
air. They assume if the dust levels are low or they vacuum
often that their air is clean. The truth is that most homes today
have extremely poor indoor air quality. Not because of dust, but because
mold, bacteria, yeast, VOCs, viruses and more build up in our tightly
sealed homes. Test your air for mold, bacteria and yeast today. When
you see the results we will help you choose the right air purifier. |
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includes
-
two petri dishes
- two
bottles of Easygel
- color
brochure on air quality
- detailed
instructions
This test kit will give you a good idea of general air quality in
your home or allow you to conduct a before and after test.
After
exposing the test kit to air for 1 hour you place it in a room temperature
and low light
space for 3 days or more. A dresser works good. After
3 days view the test to see how much bacteria, mold, yeast,
fungus etc. has grown. |
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